Container



Feb. 1, 1944. o. JOHNSON 2,340,473

CONTAINER Filed March 18, 1941 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Plteilted Feb. 1,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE com-amen. Ogden Johnson, Bronxville, N. Y.Application March 18, 1941, Serial No. 883,916 Claims. (Cl. 2284.5)

This invention relates to containers, and more particularly tocontainers of fibrous material, such as paper, and the presentapplication is a continuation in part of application Serial 350,952,flied August 3, 1940.

It is the primary object of the invention to provide a new and improvedcontainer.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a new and improvedoil and grease proof and/or moisture proof paper container.

Paper containers of this character include a tubular body of uniformcross section and closure disks or heads of fibrous material adhesivelysecured in the ends of the body, or secured in the body by a seaminterlocking the end of the body with the peripheral portion of theclosure disk or head. The contents of the container constantly exert anoutward force on the wall of the container body which tends to separatethe body from the closures or heads of the container, and such outwardforce is also exerted on the container wall by an expansion of thecontents of the container with a consequent leakage of the contents fromthe container.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved containerwherein the container body is of tubular form and opposite portions ofthe container body intermediate the ends are collapsed inwardly toreduce the volumetric capacity of the container and serve to reinforceand add rigidity to the container body as well as take up any pressureof the contents of the container on the body of the container whichexert a force on the container body tendingto separate the seam partsbetween the body and the closure ends of the container, said collapsedportions also being adapted to be expanded by expansion of the contentsof the container to increase the volumetric capacity of the containerand compensate for expansion of the contents of the container, and thecollapsed portions automatically assuming their original collapsedcondition upon the contraction of the contents of the container.

In containers of this character should the container be subjected to aJar, as by dropping the container, the impact of the container with thesurface upon which it is dropped will cause separation of the connectingseam between the end closures and body of the container with aconsequent leakage should the contents of the container consist ofliquid.

It is another object of the invention to provide an improved closure forcontainer bodies and means for securing closures to container bodies.

To adapt paper containers for dispensing oils and greases and to alsorender the same moisture proof, the inner surface of the material of thepaper body is provided with a coating of thermoplastic material, such asvinyl resin, having the properties of being oil, grease and moistureproof and to also constitute a thermoplastic adhesive to unite thecontainer parts. A surface of the material of the end closures is alsoprovided with a coating of such thermoplastic material preparatory toshaping the same to closure form and the closures are adhesiveiysecured. to the container body by the thermoplastic material under heatand pressure, a coating of suitable moisture and water proof materialbeing applied to the exterior surface of the container. In securing theend closures to the container body by the thermoplastic material underpressure and heat to intimately contact the closure parts and render thethermoplastic material viscous to adhesiveiy unite the closure parts, itis possible that portions of the. closure parts may not be in contiguoutor intimate contact with the container body, or may not be heated to theproper temperature so that the thermoplastic material on said seamportions will not be rendered sufliciently viscous and tacky to causethe thermoplastic material to unite the closure parts to thecontainerbody in a flrm and continuous bond with the result that the oiland grease permeate through the seam or joint.

It is another object of the invention to overcome this disadvantage byproviding the seams between the container parts with a fillet orreinforcing seal, comprising an annular layer of thermoplastic materialapplied in semi-liquid form to the inner surface of the container bodyadjacent the ends thereof and cooling to a semisolid or semi-plasticstate at normal temperatures, and said material crowded into theinterstices or crevices and forming a sealing fillet at the juncture ofthe closure with the container body as the closure is inserted in theend of the container body and adapted to be rendered viscous when thecontainer parts are subjected to an elevated temperature to adhesivelyunite the closures to the container body and then solidifying orsetting.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this application,Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylindrical memberconstituting the body of my improved container and showing the innersurface provided with a coat- 111g of oil, grease and or other liquidcontents will moisture proof thermosembled upon plastic material and anannular layer of such material within the ends of said member.

Figure 2 is a transverse section of a peripherally flanged diskconstituting a part of the end closures for the container.

to show the method adhesively united some disk It. The disk lll has araised portion lil centrally thereof, the side wall of which raisedportion converges from the body of the disk to the bottom of the raisedpor- Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the container body.

In carrying out the embodiment of the invention illustrated in-thedrawing, there is provided a tubular member A of pliable though somewhatstiff fibrous material, such as paper, to constitute the body of thecontainer, and formed from a blank severed from a sheet or web andshaped to cylindrical form with one side marginal portion of the blankoverlapping the opposite side marginal portion and adhesively securedthereto. The interior surface of the body is provided with a coating ofthermoplastic material having a high fusing point and the properties ofbeing resistant to oil and grease, including hydrocarbon and mineraloils and greases, and moisture resistant. I have found that vinyl resinsare efllcient for the purpose. .Preferably the thermoplastic material isapplied to the sheetor web from which the blanksare cut and after theblank is shaped to cylindrical form a coating of a reinforcinthermoplastic material is applied over the raw edge of the blank withinthe body. The coating material also constitutes a thermoplastic adhesiveand serves to adhesively unite the overlapped portions of the blank.said overlapped portions being united under pressure and heat tointimately contact said parts and render the thermoplastic materialviscous and tacky, the thermoplastic material when cooled solidifyingand uniting the overlapped portions of the blank in an impregnable bond.The inner surface of the body A is alsoprovided with an annular layer ofa reinforcing thermoplastic material adjacent each end thereof, as shownin heavy strippling at a, said material being normally in a. semi-solidor semi-plastic state and of a thickness several times the thickness ofthe coating on the container and adapted to function as a sealing filletat the interstices or crevices at the juncture of the closures or headswith the body, as hereinafter described.

Closures 01' heads are secured in the opposite ends of the body,comprising disks I5 of pliable the flange including a portion l6extended laterally from the'surface opposite the coated surface of thedisk and an outwardly curved depending portion Hi, the depending portionbeing of slightly greater length than the portion l6, as shown in Figure2. A disk 50 (Figure 3) of relatively rigid material, preferably fibrousmaterial, is asextending portion 16 of the flange and preferably thedisk l5 within the laterally tion and is of a length so that the bottomof the raised portion 5| will extend in the same plane as the curvedconnecting portion of the, flange l6, l6 of the disk l5 when the disk 50is assembled on the disk It. The raised portion 5| of the disk 50reinforcesand adds rigidity to said disk and is also adapted whenapplied to a container body to cooperate with the end of the containerembraced by the flange l6, I6 to support the container, as hereinafterdescribed.

In the present embodiment of the invention, the tubular container bodyis preformed to body final shape preparatory to securing the closures orheads therein by constricting the body intermediate the endsthereohwhich is effected by inwardly depressing or collapsing portionsof the body preferably located diametrically opposite and intermediatethe ends, as at H, which collapsed portions may, as shown, form thecontainer body midway the ends thereof .to angular form in cross sectionand the corners l1 are arranged to extend diagonally of the angleportions, as shown in Figure 5, and said depressed wall portions beingsubstantially of concave form in longitudinal section with the oppositeside portions inclining and progressively decreasing in width from theangle portion I1 toward and terminating within the opposite circularends of the body, as at Ma, the portions of the body extending from thecorner portions l| toward the opposite ends of the body bulgingoutwardly and assuming a progressively decreasing convex form,

as shown at Hb in Figure 6. By this arrangement of the body, there isexerted a yielding inward stress thereon which not only reinforces andadds rigidity to the body but takes up pressures exerted outwardly onthebody wall by the contents of the container, thus adapting the body tobe expanded to compensate for any expansion of the contents of thecontainer and when the contents contract automatically assuming itspreformed shape by the inherent resiliency of the material of the bodyand a reduction of pressure in the container produced by the contractingof the contents of the container.

The body is preformed and held in its preformed condition during theinsertion and securing of a bottom closure in the end of the body andduring the period the contents is filled into the container and theclosure for the filler opening of the container is inserted in andsecured to the ody.

The reinforcing and stiffening disk 50 and the thickness of the portionit of the flange of the disk l5 disposed about the periphery of the disk50 is of a diameter slightly larger than the internal diameter of thecylindrical portion at the end of the container body preformed in theholder sections l8. To facilitate engaging the composite disk I5, 50 intheend of the body, the end of the body preparatory to inserting theclosures or heads therein may be slightly expanded or stretched, whichmay be effected by engaging the tapered head of a plunger into the endofthe body, or said disks I5, 50 maybe engaged upon such a plunger headand thereby'engage into the end of the body, and as the portion it ofthe closure flange is of slightly larger diameter than the internaldiameter of the body, the end of the body is slightly expanded and ashoulder or seat is formed at the uncture of the expanded end porbodybysame opening the amus tion with the body against which the closure isseated, as shown at ll, ing portion ll of the flange oi the disk II isdisposed over and crowds the end of the container body in the outwardlycurved portion 01'. the fiange. The closure is adhesiveiy secured in thethe thermoplastic material on the surface a: the. disk II, the dependingportion il' oi the age body and subjected to pressure and an elevatedtemperature by suitable means to intimately contact the portions ii, Itat the flange with the interposed end of the-container body and renderthe coating of thermoplastic material viscous and tacky and cause it topenetrate the material 01' the body and adhesively unite the parts.

After the contacting parts oi the closure and body have been unitedunder pressure and heat, the thermoplastic material uniting the closureto the body is cooled forming an impregnable bond between the same.

The quantity of the material to be dispensed in the container issomewhat less than the capacity of the container to provide an air spaceabove the material in the container. The head or closure for the tillerend is the same as the bottom end or closure and is engaged upon andinserted by a plunger head into the end oi the body. Simultanously withinserting the closure into the body, the layer of thermoplastic materiala is crowded forwardlyoi. and into the crevice at the juncture of theclosure viding the air space above the contents oi the container as theclosure is engaged in the body there is a partial compression or suchair which causes the layer of material a to crowd into the crevice atthe juncture of the closure with the body and form a sealing fillettherein preventing the contents oi the body, such as oil or grease, topermeate to the thermoplastic material adhesively uniting the closurebody to the container.

By the arrangement of juxtaposing the rigid disk 50 within the flange i6oi! the disk I 8 and -making the disk of a diameter substantially thesame as the internal diameter of the container body at the ends thereofand the flange portion ll of larger diameter, the rigid disk serves notonly to clamp the flange portion it to the wall of the container body,but also reinforces and adds rigidity to the closure ends of thecontainer and absorbs the shock of any jar to which the ends of the bodyare subjected, as by dropping the conand the outwardlydepend-' beingpressed to the end or the container with the body. By pro-- 10 tainerbody will yield under tainer, and prevents the separation of the seamparts between the closures and body and consequent leakage of thecontents from the container. The raised portion ii of the disk 50further reinforces and adds rigidity to said disk and the end of thecontainer and when the container is supported at an end thereof saidraised disk portion SI and the end of the container body within theflange I 6, i6 engage the supporting surface not only supporting thecontainer on the supporting surface but also relieving the disk I! ofpractically all of the weight of the contents oi the container andobviating the possibility of the weight and vibratory movement 01' thematerial in the container. during transportation of the joint or seambetween the flange l6 of the disk i5 and the body of the container and aconsequent leakage of the contents from the container should thecontents comprise a liquid. The inwardly depressed or collapsed portionslid of the container body retain such position in the filled condition01' the container and are yieldingly urged to such position by the l areduction oi pressure in inherent resiliency oi the material of the bodyand the container induced by the contracting of the contents of thecontainer, and they resist outward movement thereof by pressure exertedthereon by the weight 01' the contents or thecontainer. However, shouldthere by an extraordinary outward pressure exerted thereon by thecontents of the container, as by" the force of expansion 01' thecontents of the container, the inwardly collapsed portions oi thecansuch force and compensate for any increase in the contents oi thecontainer due to the expansion thereoi, thus preventing such pressurefrom separating the seam between the body and closures, and when thecontents oi. the container are contracted, the collapsed portions 01'the container will automatically assume their original inwardlycollapsed position. 1

The exterior of the container is provided with a coating 01' moistureand water-resistant material, such as paraiilne, or said coating mayconsist oi a vinyl resin, the same as on the inner surface of thecontainer. having the properties of being oil and grease or moistureresistant. Said coating material may be applied to the surface or thesheets or webs from which the body blanks and ends are cut, but it ispreferably applied thereto after the container has been manuiactured andfilled with the head or closure secured in the illler end 01' thecontainer and may be applied by submerging the container in a bath ofthe coating material or the coating material sprayed onto the container,depending on the nature of the material dispensed in the container.

Having described my vention, I claim:

1. A multi-part container including a tubular body of rigid thoughyielding material constricted to angular form intermediate the endsthereof with the opposite sides of the constricted portion extending inparallel relation and the wall 01' the a reduction in said pressures.

2. A multi-part container, comprising a tubular body having aconstricted sures.

3. A multi-part container, consisting of a tubu iar body having aconstricted portion of polyg onal form in cross section intermediate theends "to yieldingly urge the body to predetermined constricted form andpermit expansion or the body by pressures within the container and causethe body to assume its predetermined constricted condition by areduction of the pressures within the container.

4. A container comprising a. tubular body collapsed inwardly and shapedto polygonal form in cross section midway the ends thereof andhaving-fiat wall portions diverging from such polygonal portion, saidwall portions progressively decreasing in width toward and merging withcircular portions at the opposite ends of the body, said flat wallmidway of the ends of the body having portions extending farther fromthe longitudinal axis of the body than the circular portion and closuressecured in the circular and said diverging and convex wall ends or thebody, said closures yieldingly retaining the body in position with thecollapsed portion in collapsed condition and permitting expansion ofsaid collapsed portion of the body by expansion of the contents andincrease in pressure in the container.

5. As an article of manufacture,

and shaped to polygonal form in cross section intermediate the endsthereof, flat wall portions extending oppositely from such p lygonalcollapsed portion and being of concave form in longitudinal section andmerging with circular portions at the ends of the body. said flat wallmidway of the ends of the body having portions extending farther fromthe longitudinal axis or the body than the circular portion and closuressecured to the circular ends or the body retaining the ends of the bodyin rigid condition'and the intermediate collapsed portion yieldingly incollapsed condition and permitting said collapsed portion to be expandedby the expansion ol'tbe contents and increase in the pressure in thecontainer and cause the same to assume its coilapud condition bycontraction of the contents and reduction of the pressure in thecontainer.

OGDEN JOHNSON.

a container including a preformed body collapsed inwardly

